A Comprehensive Analysis of Power Electromobility: Challenges from a PESTLE Perspective

Nicolay Andres Niño-Suarez (), Luis Armando Flores-Herrera (), Raúl Rivera-Blas (), María Bárbara Calva-Yañez, Paola Andrea Niño-Suárez, Emmanuel Zenén Rivera-Blas, José Eduardo Hernández-Galindo and Oscar Alberto Alvarez-Flores
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Nicolay Andres Niño-Suarez: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Catarina, México City 02250, México
Luis Armando Flores-Herrera: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Catarina, México City 02250, México
Raúl Rivera-Blas: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Catarina, México City 02250, México
María Bárbara Calva-Yañez: Centro de Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, México City 07700, México
Paola Andrea Niño-Suárez: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Catarina, México City 02250, México
Emmanuel Zenén Rivera-Blas: Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Campus Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Alvarado Veracruz, La Trocha, Alvarado 95270, Veracruz, México
José Eduardo Hernández-Galindo: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Catarina, México City 02250, México
Oscar Alberto Alvarez-Flores: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Catarina, México City 02250, México

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-21

Abstract: This study analyses aspects related to the electromobility transition. Emerging technologies have enabled the production and commercialisation of electric vehicles to reduce polluting emissions. However, significant obstacles are present in this global transition. The analysis identifies that public policies play a crucial role in the development of electromobility, and emphasises how new business models in electromobility are emerging to satisfy changing customer demands. Concerns related to raw materials extraction, battery disposal, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) integration are also important to consider. The relationship between technologically advanced countries and raw material-producing nations must balance socioeconomic, historical, labour, and ecological factors. In order to have a standard reference, this study considers for the analysis the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors (PESTLE). An analysis of future scenarios considering pessimistic and optimistic trends revealed that, compared with the actual trends, important actions must be taken to develop electromobility not only from the technological aspect. These results provide a comprehensive analysis of electromobility sustainability and its importance for multidisciplinary stakeholders related to the actual challenges towards electromobility, the electric network capabilities, and the importance of creating new jobs and products based on a circular and sustainable economy.

Keywords: electromobility; electric vehicle; battery; smart grid; circular economy; electric network (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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