Ensuring Energy Efficiency of Air Quality Monitoring Systems Based on Internet of Things Technology
Krzysztof Przystupa (),
Nataliya Bernatska,
Elvira Dzhumelia (),
Tomasz Drzymała and
Orest Kochan
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Krzysztof Przystupa: Department of Automation, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38D, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
Nataliya Bernatska: Department of Physical, Analytical and General Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Elvira Dzhumelia: Department of Software, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Tomasz Drzymała: Faculty of Safety Engineering and Civil Protection, Fire Academy, 52/54 Słowackiego Street, 01-629 Warsaw, Poland
Orest Kochan: Department of Information-Measuring Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-24
Abstract:
Air quality monitoring systems based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology are critical for addressing environmental and public health challenges, but their energy efficiency poses a significant challenge to their autonomous and scalable deployment. This study investigates strategies to enhance the energy efficiency of IoT-based air quality monitoring systems. A comprehensive analysis of sensor types, data transmission protocols, and system architectures was conducted, focusing on their energy consumption. An energy-efficient system was designed using the Smart Air sensor, Zigbee gateway, and Mini UPS, with its performance evaluated through daily energy consumption, backup operation time, and annual energy use. An integrated efficiency index (IEI) was introduced to compare sensor models based on functionality, energy efficiency, and cost. The proposed system achieves a daily energy consumption of 72 W·h, supports up to 10 h of autonomous operation during outages, and consumes 26.28 kW·h annually. The IEI analysis identified the Ajax LifeQuality as the most energy-efficient sensor, while Smart Air offers a cost-effective alternative with broader functionality. The proposed architecture and IEI provide a scalable and sustainable framework for IoT air quality monitoring, with potential applications in smart cities and residential settings. Future research should explore renewable energy integration and predictive energy management.
Keywords: Internet of Things; air quality monitoring; energy efficiency; sensor technologies; data transmission protocols; LoRaWAN; alternative energy sources; smart cities; integrated efficiency index; environmental monitoring (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:14:p:3768-:d:1702891
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