Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Efficiency Using an Improved Parrot Optimizer and Photovoltaic Systems

Ebrahim Sheykhi () and Mutlu Yilmaz
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Ebrahim Sheykhi: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Atlas University, Kagithane, Istanbul 34408, Turkey
Mutlu Yilmaz: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Atlas University, Kagithane, Istanbul 34408, Turkey

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-26

Abstract: There has been a great need for replacing combustion-powered vehicles with electric vehicles (EV), and fully electric cars are meant to replace combustion engine cars. This has led to considerable research into improving the performance of EVs, especially via electric motor voltage control. A wide range of optimization algorithms have been used as traditional approaches, but the dynamic parameters of electric motors, impacted by temperature and different driving cycles, continue to be a problem. This study introduces an improved version of the Parrot Optimizer (IPO) aimed at enhancing voltage regulation in EVs. The algorithm can intelligently adjust certain motor parameters for adaptive management to maintain performance based on different situations. To ensure a stable and sustainable power supply for the powertrain of the EV, a photovoltaic (PV) system is used with energy storage batteries. Such an arrangement seeks to deliver permanent electric energy, a solution to traditional grid electricity reliance. This demonstrates the effectiveness of IPO, with the resultant motor performance remaining optimal despite parameter changes. It is also illustrated that energy production, by integrating PV systems, prevents excessive voltage line drops and thus voltage imbalances. The proposed intelligent controller is verified based on multiple simulations, demonstrating and ensuring significant improvements in EV efficiency and reliability.

Keywords: electric vehicles (EVs); voltage regulation; improved Parrot Optimizer; photovoltaic system; energy storage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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