Review of Aging Mechanism and Diagnostic Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Tiansi Wang (), Hao Wang, Xiaoling Shen, Chenhao Lu, Lei Pei, Yixiang Xu, Wanlin Wang and Huanhuan Li
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Tiansi Wang: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Hao Wang: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Xiaoling Shen: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Chenhao Lu: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Lei Pei: Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Yixiang Xu: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Wanlin Wang: Farasis Energy, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Huanhuan Li: Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-35

Abstract: As an important component of current power and energy storage systems, lithium-ion batteries have essential scientific significance and application value in terms of accurately and reliably diagnosing their aging to determine system performance, identify potential faults in modules, and prolong their service life. For this purpose, this paper first briefly describes the working principle of lithium-ion batteries and illustrates the possible impacts of various aging mechanisms on the state of battery capacity. Secondly, starting from both implementable and laboratory perspectives, it sorts out and summarizes the diagnostic mechanisms and applicable scenarios of current typical battery aging state assessment and diagnosis methods. Then, targeting the specific aging mechanisms involved in batteries, it elaborates on the targeted diagnosis processes for each aging mechanism. Finally, combined with implementable and laboratory diagnosis methods, it systematically summarizes a highly standardized and universal routine diagnosis process for battery aging. In addition, in combination with the latest development of aging diagnosis and related technologies, this paper reflects on and discusses the possible future development directions of battery diagnosis technologies.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery; aging mechanism; standardized diagnosis; implementable diagnosis; laboratory diagnosis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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