Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of Biomass-Derived Ethyl Levulinate and Ethanol at 40.0, 60.0 and 80.0 kPa

Wenteng Bo, Xinghua Zhang (), Qi Zhang, Lungang Chen, Jianguo Liu, Longlong Ma and Shengyong Ma
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Wenteng Bo: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Xinghua Zhang: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Qi Zhang: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Lungang Chen: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Jianguo Liu: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Longlong Ma: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Shengyong Ma: School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 15, 1-17

Abstract: Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for binary mixtures of biomass–derived ethyl levulinate and ethanol were measured using an apparatus comprising a modified Rose-Williams still and a condensation system. Measurements were taken at temperatures ranging from 329.58 K to 470.00 K and pressures of 40.0, 60.0 and 80.0 kPa. The thermodynamic consistency of the VLE data was evaluated using the Redlich-Kister area test, the Fredenslund test and the Van Ness point-to-point test. The data was correlated using three activity coefficient models: Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC. The Gibbs energy of mixing of the VLE data was analyzed to verify the suitability of the binary interaction parameters of these models. The activity coefficients and excess Gibbs free energy, calculated from the VLE experimental data and model correlation results, were analyzed to evaluate the models’ fit and the non–ideality of the binary system. The accuracy of the regression results was also assessed based on the root mean square deviation (RMSD) and average absolute deviation (AAD) for both temperature and the vapor phase mole fraction of ethyl levulinate. The results indicate that the NRTL model provided the best fit to the experimental data. Notably, the experimental data showed strong correlation with the predictions of all three models, suggesting their reliability for practical application.

Keywords: ethyl levulinate; ethanol; vapor-liquid equilibrium; thermodynamic consistency; activity coefficient model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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