An Additional Damping Control Strategy for Grid-Forming Energy Storage to Address Low-Frequency Oscillation

Chi Tian (), Jianyuan Xu, Xin Lin, Gaole Yu and Weidong Chen
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Chi Tian: School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Jianyuan Xu: School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Xin Lin: School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Gaole Yu: School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Weidong Chen: School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 15, 1-21

Abstract: Grid-forming (GFM) energy storage can be utilized as a backup power source for the power grid to ensure the security of the power grid. GFM energy storage can also enhance the strength of the power grid and improve its stability. However, the GFM energy storage inherits the characteristics of the synchronous generator. Low-frequency oscillations may occur in GFM energy storage, which affect the stable operation of the power system. This paper proposed an additional damping control strategy for GFM energy storage to address the low-frequency oscillation. Firstly, this paper builds the state-space small-signal mathematical model of the GFM energy storage grid-connected system to analyze the participation factors of the low-frequency oscillation mode and clarify the key control parameters affecting the GFM energy storage grid-connected system the low-frequency oscillation. Then, this paper proposed an additional damping control strategy to increase the damping ratio of the low-frequency oscillation mode and improve the stability of the GFM energy storage grid-connected system. Finally, semi-physical experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed additional damping control strategy.

Keywords: grid-forming; energy storage; low-frequency oscillation; damping; control strategy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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