Reconfigurable Wireless Power Transfer System with High Misalignment Tolerance Using Coaxial Antipodal Dual DD Coils for AUV Charging Applications

Yonglu Liu, Mingxing Xiong (), Qingxuan Zhang, Fengshuo Yang, Yu Lan, Jinhai Jiang and Kai Song ()
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Yonglu Liu: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Mingxing Xiong: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Qingxuan Zhang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Fengshuo Yang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Yu Lan: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Jinhai Jiang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Kai Song: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 15, 1-19

Abstract: Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are gaining traction in marine exploration due to their operational convenience, safety, and flexibility. Nevertheless, disturbances from ocean currents and marine organisms frequently induce rotational, axial, and air-gap misalignments, significantly degrading the output power stability. To mitigate this issue, this paper proposes a novel reconfigurable WPT system utilizing coaxial antipodal dual DD (CAD-DD) coils, which strategically switches between a detuned S-LCC topology and a detuned S-S topology at a fixed operating frequency. By characterizing the output power versus the coupling coefficient ( P - k ) profiles under both reconfiguration modes, a parameter design methodology is developed to ensure stable power delivery across wide coupling variations. Experimental validation using a 1.2 kW AUV charging prototype demonstrates remarkable tolerance to misalignment: ±30° rotation, ±120 mm axial displacement, and 20–50 mm air-gap variation. Within this range, the output power fluctuation is confined to within 5%, while the system efficiency exceeds 85% consistently, peaking at 91.56%.

Keywords: wireless power transfer (WPT); autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV); coaxial antipodal dual DD (CAD-DD); reconfigurable topology; misalignment tolerance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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