Effects of Partial Admission Ratio on the Performance and Flow Characteristics of a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Axial-Flow Turbine

Zhuo Hu, Hongsheng Jiang, Weilin Zhuge (), Yuping Qian and Yangjun Zhang
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Zhuo Hu: School of Vehicle and Mobility, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Hongsheng Jiang: School of Vehicle and Mobility, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Weilin Zhuge: School of Vehicle and Mobility, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Yuping Qian: School of Vehicle and Mobility, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Yangjun Zhang: School of Vehicle and Mobility, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 16, 1-19

Abstract: The supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) Brayton cycle has become one of the most promising power generation systems in recent years. Owing to the high density of S-CO 2 , the turbine operates with a lower flow coefficient and a reduced blade height compared to conventional gas turbines, leading to relatively higher tip leakage and secondary flow losses. A properly designed partial admission scheme can increase blade height and improve turbine efficiency. In this study, the effects of partial admission ratio on the performance and flow characteristics of a partial admission S-CO 2 turbine were investigated using numerical methods. The results indicate that the decline in turbine efficiency accelerates when the partial admission rate falls below 0.3. Furthermore, the maximum blade torque begins to decrease once the partial admission ratio drops below 0.1. Stronger tip passage vortices and a large-scale leakage vortex were identified in the passage located at the sector interface. Blade loading analysis revealed a reduction in pressure on the pressure surface of blades just entering the active sector, and a significant increase in suction surface pressure for blades about to exit the active sector. These pressure variations result in reduced blade torque near the boundaries of the active sector.

Keywords: supercritical carbon dioxide; partial admission turbine; flow characteristics; vortex (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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