Self-Driven Cycle and Thermal Characteristics of Seawater Battery System with a Preheater

Haihong Dong, Bendong Ma, Jianchao Wang, Jingdan Xue, Xingru Chen, Jie Bai and Housheng Wang ()
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Haihong Dong: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Bendong Ma: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Jianchao Wang: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Jingdan Xue: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Xingru Chen: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Jie Bai: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Housheng Wang: State Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 16, 1-17

Abstract: As a novel energy storage technology, seawater batteries exhibit significant application potential across various domains, including marine exploration, underwater communication, and island power supply. However, the deep-sea low-temperature environment adversely affects the performance of seawater battery systems. This paper proposes a seawater metal–air battery system equipped with a preheater (SMAB-P). This innovative system establishes stable natural circulation and utilizes the high-temperature seawater within the system to preheat the incoming low-temperature seawater, thereby effectively enhancing battery performance. It was found that, compared with the SMAB system without a preheater, when achieving a heat recovery rate of 100% the average temperature of seawater in the electrode plate area of the SMAB-P system can be increased by 54%. Consequently, the electrical conductivity of seawater within the system can be increased by approximately 20%, leading to a significant reduction in ohmic losses and an enhancement in the load voltage of the battery. Furthermore, increasing either the height or width of the electrode plate can enhance self-driven force and circulation flow rate, as well as both average and maximum temperatures of seawater in the electrode plate area to some extent. Reducing the annular space of the preheater can significantly increase the seawater temperature within the system, but excessive reduction may hinder the effective replacement of fresh seawater in the system. It is also noted that seawater velocity in the electrode plate channels remains relatively low and evenly distributed while exhibiting very small temperature variation.

Keywords: seawater battery; self-driven cycle; preheat; temperature field; velocity field (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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