Optimization of Rear-Side Energy Contribution in Bifacial PV Panels: A Parametric Analysis on Albedo, Tilt, Height, and Mounting Configuration

Furkan Dincer () and Emre Ozer
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Furkan Dincer: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46050, Türkiye
Emre Ozer: Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep 27260, Türkiye

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 16, 1-19

Abstract: Bifacial photovoltaic panels are preferred over monofacial panels due to the ability of their back surfaces to absorb radiation and generate electricity. However, optimizing the rear-side energy contribution remains a critical area of research. This study systematically investigates how four key parameters (albedo, tilt angle, panel height, and mounting configuration) affect rear-side energy generation and overall panel efficiency. In the first scenario, the impact of surface reflectivity was evaluated. High-reflectivity materials such as aluminum (21.2%) and fresh snow (20.5%) significantly increased rear-side energy yield. The second scenario examined tilt angle, showing that increasing the tilt up to 50° enhanced back-side generation, reaching a gain of 5.5%. The third scenario focused on the effect of panel height, revealing a linear relationship with energy generation. The fourth assessed orientation, comparing horizontal and vertical installations. Horizontal mounting provided a higher rear-side energy yield (4.5%) due to increased exposure to ground-reflected radiation. The findings of this study provide important information for the optimization of bifacial photovoltaic panels and the information will provide guidance for easier and more efficient installation of solar power plants.

Keywords: bifacial photovoltaic panels; albedo effect; tilt angle optimization; rear-surface energy generation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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