Self-Sustaining Operations with Energy Harvesting Systems

Peter Sevcik, Jan Sumsky, Tomas Baca and Andrej Tupy ()
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Peter Sevcik: Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia
Jan Sumsky: Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia
Tomas Baca: Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia
Andrej Tupy: Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-42

Abstract: Energy harvesting (EH) is a rapidly evolving domain that is primarily focused on capturing and converting ambient energy sources into more convenient and usable forms. These sources, which range from traditional renewable sources such as solar or wind power to thermal gradients and vibrations, present an alternative to typical power generation. The temptation to use energy harvesting systems is in their potential to power low-power devices, such as environment monitoring devices, without relying on conventional power grids or standard battery implementations. This improves the sustainability and self-sufficiency of IoT devices and reduces the environmental impact of conventional power systems. Applications of EH include wearable health monitors, wireless sensor networks, and remote structural sensors, where frequent battery replacement is impractical. However, these systems also face challenges such as intermittent energy availability, limited storage capacity, and low power density, which require innovative design approaches and efficient energy management. The paper provides a general overview of the subsystems present in the energy harvesting systems and a comprehensive overview of the energy transducer technologies used in energy harvesting systems.

Keywords: energy harvesting; ambient energy; renewable energy; energy storage; energy transducer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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