A Study on the Environmental and Economic Benefits of Flexible Resources in Green Power Trading Markets Based on Cooperative Game Theory: A Case Study of China

Liwei Zhu, Xinhong Wu (), Zerong Wang, Yuexin Li, Lifei Song () and Yongwen Yang
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Liwei Zhu: State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Jiaxing Power Supply Company, Jiaxing 314033, China
Xinhong Wu: State Grid Zhejiang Integrated Energy Service Company, Hangzhou 311500, China
Zerong Wang: State Grid Zhejiang Integrated Energy Service Company, Hangzhou 311500, China
Yuexin Li: College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China
Lifei Song: College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China
Yongwen Yang: College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-18

Abstract: This paper addresses the synergy between environmental and economic benefits in the green power trading market by constructing a collaborative game model for environmental rights value and electricity energy value. Based on this, a model for maximizing the benefits of flexible resource operation is proposed. Through the combination of non-cooperative and cooperative games, the conflict and synergy mechanisms of multiple stakeholders are quantified, and the Shapley value allocation rule is designed to achieve Pareto optimality. Simultaneously, considering the spatiotemporal regulation capability of flexible resources, dynamic weight adjustment, cross-period environmental rights reserve, and risk diversification strategies are proposed. Simulation results show that under the scenario of a carbon price of 50 CNY/ton (≈7.25 USD/ton) and a peak–valley electricity price difference of 0.9 CNY/kWh (≈0.13 USD/kWh), when the environmental weight coefficient α = 0.5, the total revenue reaches 6.857 × 10 7 CNY (≈9.94 × 10 6 USD), with environmental benefits accounting for 90%, a 15.3% reduction in carbon emission intensity, and a 1.74-fold increase in energy storage cycle utilization rate. This research provides theoretical support for green power market mechanism design and resource optimization scheduling under “dual-carbon” goals.

Keywords: green power trading market; collaborative game; flexible resources; benefit maximization; carbon emission rights (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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