Segmentation of 220 kV Cable Insulation Layers Using WGAN-GP-Based Data Augmentation and the TransUNet Model

Liang Luo, Song Qing, Yingjie Liu, Guoyuan Lu (), Ziying Zhang, Yuhang Xia, Yi Ao, Fanbo Wei and Xingang Chen ()
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Liang Luo: Chengdu Power Supply Company, State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610041, China
Song Qing: Chengdu Power Supply Company, State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610041, China
Yingjie Liu: Chengdu Power Supply Company, State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610041, China
Guoyuan Lu: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
Ziying Zhang: Chengdu Power Supply Company, State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610041, China
Yuhang Xia: Chengdu Power Supply Company, State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610041, China
Yi Ao: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
Fanbo Wei: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
Xingang Chen: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-19

Abstract: This study presents a segmentation framework for images of 220 kV cable insulation that addresses sample scarcity and blurred boundaries. The framework integrates data augmentation using the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP) and the TransUNet architecture. Considering the difficulty and high cost of obtaining real cable images, WGAN-GP generates high-quality synthetic data to expand the dataset and improve the model’s generalization. The TransUNet network, designed to handle the structural complexity and indistinct edge features of insulation layers, combines the local feature extraction capability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the global context modeling strength of Transformers. This combination enables accurate delineation of the insulation regions. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves mDice, mIoU, MP, and mRecall scores of 0.9835, 0.9677, 0.9840, and 0.9831, respectively, with improvements of approximately 2.03%, 3.05%, 2.08%, and 1.98% over a UNet baseline. Overall, the proposed approach outperforms UNet, Swin-UNet, and Attention-UNet, confirming its effectiveness in delineating 220 kV cable insulation layers under complex structural and data-limited conditions.

Keywords: 220 kV cable; insulation layer segmentation; data augmentation; WGAN-GP; TransUNet (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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