Modern Optimization Technologies in Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: A Systematic Review of Research Gaps and Prospects for Decisions

Vitalii Korovushkin (), Sergii Boichenko, Artem Artyukhov, Kamila Ćwik, Diana Wróblewska and Grzegorz Jankowski
Additional contact information
Vitalii Korovushkin: Institute of Energy Safety and Energy Management, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
Sergii Boichenko: Institute of Energy Safety and Energy Management, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
Artem Artyukhov: Faculty of Commerce, Bratislava University of Economics and Business, 852-35 Bratislava, Slovakia
Kamila Ćwik: Faculty of Administration and Social Sciences, Slovakia (University of Economics and Innovation) WSEI University in Lublin, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Diana Wróblewska: Faculty of Administration and Social Sciences, Slovakia (University of Economics and Innovation) WSEI University in Lublin, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Grzegorz Jankowski: Faculty of Management, Katowice Business University, 40-659 Katowice, Poland

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-45

Abstract: Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems are pivotal for the sustainable energy transition, yet their design and operation present complex optimization challenges due to diverse components, stochastic resources, and multifaceted objectives. This systematic review formalizes the HRES optimization problem space and identifies critical research gaps. Employing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, it comprehensively analyzes the literature (2015–2025) from Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science, focusing on architectures, mathematical formulations, objectives, and solution methodologies. The results reveal a decisive shift from single-objective to multi-objective optimization (MOO), increasingly incorporating environmental and emerging social criteria alongside traditional economic and technical goals. Metaheuristic algorithms (e.g., NSGA-II, MOPSO) and AI techniques dominate solution strategies, though challenges persist in scalability, uncertainty management, and real-time control. The integration of hydrogen storage, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, and multi-vector energy systems expands system boundaries. Key gaps include the lack of holistic frameworks co-optimizing techno-economic, environmental, social, and resilience objectives; disconnect between long-term planning and short-term operation; computational limitations for large-scale or real-time applications; explainability of AI-based controllers; high-fidelity degradation modeling for emerging technologies; and bridging the “valley of death” between simulation and bankable deployment. Future research must prioritize interdisciplinary collaboration, standardized social/resilience metrics, scalable and trustworthy AI, and validation frameworks to unlock HRESs’ potential.

Keywords: hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs); optimization; systematic review; multi-objective optimization; energy management systems; research gaps; sustainable energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/17/4727/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/17/4727/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:17:p:4727-:d:1742704

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Cassie Shen

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().