Design Study of 50 W Linear Generator for Radioisotope Stirling Converters Using Numerical Simulations

Muhammad Mohsin, Dong-Jun Kim and Kyuho Sim ()
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Muhammad Mohsin: Department of Mechanical Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
Dong-Jun Kim: Department of Mechanical Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
Kyuho Sim: Department of Mechanical Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-30

Abstract: Stirling engines are the engines that convert heat energy into mechanical work. This study models a 50 W linear generator designed for integration with a Stirling engine. To develop a model, the base design of the already developed 1 kW model was used, and its size was proportionally reduced to match the stroke of the Stirling engine. By reducing the length of the 1 kW model to a length scale factor (LSF) of 0.5, the stroke level of the engine was determined. However, the radius of the LSF 0.5 linear generator model was adjusted to match the engine. After finalizing the 50 W linear generator dimensions, the model was simulated using MAXWELL v14. software to compute output power and other electrical parameters. This study also analyzed the losses of the 50 W linear generator and its phasor diagram. Later, the output values generated using MAXWELL software were compared with the results obtained using SAGE v11. software for verification. The outcome of this study was a model that achieved an output power of 50 W with an efficiency of 90% and a generator size of 96 mm. Because of its versatility, low weight, and high efficiency, it can be used in a wide range of applications. Due to its small size, it can be utilized for empowering humanoid robots, radioisotope power, space exploration, etc.

Keywords: linear generator; radioisotope Stirling converters; engine stroke; resonance frequency; no-load and load analysis; phasor diagram; losses (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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