Topology and Control of Current-Fed Quadruple Active Bridge DC–DC Converters for Smart Transformers with Integrated Battery Energy Storage Systems

Kangan Wang (), Zhaiyi Shen, Yixian Qu, Yayu Yang and Wei Tan
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Kangan Wang: Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201308, China
Zhaiyi Shen: Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201308, China
Yixian Qu: Sungrow Co., Shanghai 201107, China
Yayu Yang: Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201308, China
Wei Tan: Shanghai Hanxiang Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201615, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-17

Abstract: Smart transformers (STs), which are power electronic-based transformers with control and communication capabilities, facilitate managing future distribution grids with distributed generators (DGs) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs). This paper presents a current-fed quadruple active-bridge (CF-QAB) DC–DC converters-based cascaded H-bridge (CHB) ST architecture in which it is easy to coordinate the system-level power transmission and distribution. Compared with the QAB/DAB + Boost baseline, this topology achieves a reduction of approximately 20% in device count. For the core component of the proposed ST architecture, the operation principles are illustrated and the small-signal model is derived. Based on that, the control system obtained by using the individual channel design method is proposed to decouple the highly coupled LV and BESS DC ports, which significantly simplify the control system structure and design process. The experimental results are shown to validate the effectiveness of the proposed DC–DC converter and associated control system.

Keywords: battery energy storage systems; cascaded H-bridge; quadruple active bridge; renewable energy sources; smart transformers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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