A Hierarchical Collaborative Optimization Model for Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning of Cross-Regional Power Systems Considering Energy Storage and Load Transfer

Zeming Zhao, Chunhua Li (), Zengxu Wang, Tianchi Zhang and Xin Cheng
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Zeming Zhao: School of Automation, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Chunhua Li: School of Automation, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Zengxu Wang: School of Automation, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Tianchi Zhang: School of Automation, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Xin Cheng: School of Automation, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-23

Abstract: To reduce the renewable energy waste and carbon emissions predicted for the current expansion plan, this study proposes a hierarchical collaborative optimization model for the planning of generation and transmission expansion plan in cross-regional power systems considering energy storage and load transfer. In the upper layer, the upper limit of expansion is determined according to China’s current policy and expansion plan for the power system. This level completes the annual power expansion plan and provides scale data of power generation facilities and supporting infrastructures for the lower level. The lower layer is the operation level, which simulates the operation of the power system throughout the year. To find the defects of the current plan and provide an optimization scheme, the optimization model is used to analyze China’s power system in 2030. The utilization of renewable energy and power facilities is analyzed, along with the carbon emissions. An improved power expansion plan that comprehensively considers energy storage, transmission and load transfer for China’s carbon peak is proposed. The proposed scheme increases the utilization rate of renewable energy to 97.058%, reduces CO 2 emissions by 224 million tons, and reduces the installed capacity of thermal power by about 18.686 million kilowatts, verifying the effectiveness of the scheme.

Keywords: power system expansion; hierarchical collaborative optimization; low-carbon transition; cross-regional power system; mixed integer model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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