Electrospun Fabrication of 1–3-Type PVP/SbSI and PVP/SbSeI Nanocomposites with Excellent Piezoelectric Properties for Nanogenerators and Sensors
Bartłomiej Toroń (),
Wiktor Matysiak,
Anna Starczewska,
Jan Dec,
Piotr Szperlich and
Marian Nowak
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Bartłomiej Toroń: Institute of Physics—Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 St., 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Wiktor Matysiak: Nanotechnology and Materials Technology Scientific and Didactic Laboratory, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Anna Starczewska: Institute of Physics—Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 St., 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Jan Dec: Institute of Materials Science, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty Str. 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
Piotr Szperlich: Institute of Physics—Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 St., 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Marian Nowak: Institute of Physics—Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 St., 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-28
Abstract:
Electrospun one-dimensional nanocomposites composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrices reinforced with antimony sulphoiodide (SbSI) or antimony selenoiodide (SbSeI) nanowires were fabricated for the first time. Their properties were investigated for applications in piezoelectric sensors and nanogenerators. Precise control of the electrospinning parameters produced nanofibres with diameters comparable to the lateral dimensions of the nanowires, ensuring parallel alignment and a 1–3 composite structure. Structural analysis confirmed uniform nanowire distribution and stoichiometry retention. In both nanocomposites, the alignment of the nanowires enables clear observation of the anisotropy of their piezoelectric properties. PVP/SbSI nanocomposites exhibited a ferroelectric–paraelectric transition near 290 K. Under air-pressure excitation of 17.03 bar, they generated a maximum piezoelectric voltage of 2.09 V, with a sensitivity of 229 mV/bar and a surface power density of 12.0 µW/cm 2 for sandwich-type samples with nanowires aligned perpendicularly to the electrodes. PVP/SbSeI composites demonstrated stable semiconducting behaviour with a maximum piezoelectric voltage of 1.56 V, sensitivity of 130 mV/bar, and surface power density of 2.3 µW/cm 2 for the same type of sample and excitation. The high piezoelectric coefficients d 33 of 98 pC/N and 64 pC/N for PVP/SbSI and PVP/SbSeI, respectively, combined with mechanical flexibility, confirm the effectiveness of these nanocomposites as a practical solution for mechanical energy harvesting and pressure sensing in nanogenerators and sensors.
Keywords: nanocomposites; electrospinning; nanofibres; piezoelectrics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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