Multi-Objective Optimization of Mobile Battery Energy Storage and Dynamic Feeder Reconfiguration for Enhanced Voltage Profiles in Active Distribution Systems

Phuwanat Marksan, Krittidet Buayai, Ritthichai Ratchapan, Wutthichai Sa-nga-ngam, Krischonme Bhumkittipich, Kaan Kerdchuen, Ingo Stadler, Supapradit Marsong () and Yuttana Kongjeen ()
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Phuwanat Marksan: Intelligent Power System and Energy Research (IPER), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Krittidet Buayai: Intelligent Power System and Energy Research (IPER), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Ritthichai Ratchapan: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Wutthichai Sa-nga-ngam: Intelligent Power System and Energy Research (IPER), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Krischonme Bhumkittipich: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Kaan Kerdchuen: Intelligent Power System and Energy Research (IPER), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Ingo Stadler: Cologne Institute for Renewable Energies (CIRE), TH Köln, 50679 Cologne, Germany
Supapradit Marsong: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Yuttana Kongjeen: Intelligent Power System and Energy Research (IPER), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-34

Abstract: Active distribution systems (ADS) are increasingly strained by rising energy demand and the widespread deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS), which intensify voltage deviations, power losses, and peak demand fluctuations. This study develops a coordinated optimization framework for Mobile Battery Energy Storage Systems (MBESS) and Dynamic Feeder Reconfiguration (DFR) to enhance network performance across technical, economic, and environmental dimensions. A Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) is employed to minimize six objectives the active and reactive power losses, voltage deviation index (VDI), voltage stability index (FVSI), operating cost, and CO 2 emissions while explicitly modeling the MBESS transportation constraints such as energy consumption and single-trip mobility within coupled IEEE 33-bus and 33-node transport networks, which provide realistic mobility modeling of energy storage operations. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is applied to select compromise solutions from Pareto fronts. Simulation results across six scenarios show that the coordinated MBESS–DFR operation reduces power losses by 27.8–30.1%, improves the VDI by 40.5–43.2%, and enhances the FVSI by 2.3–2.4%, maintaining all bus voltages within 0.95–1.05 p.u. with minimal cost (0.26–0.27%) and emission variations (0.31–0.71%). The MBESS alone provided limited benefits (5–12%), confirming that coordination is essential for improving efficiency, voltage regulation, and overall system sustainability in renewable-rich distribution networks.

Keywords: active distribution networks; dynamic feeder reconfiguration; fast voltage stability index; mobile battery energy storage system; NSGA-III; optimization; power system resilience (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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