An Accurate Method for Designing Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters Based on Two-Dimensional Green Functions Under a Tangential Line Force

Jie Tong, Yang Zhang () and Peng-Fei Hou
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Jie Tong: School of Robotics, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519090, China
Yang Zhang: Beijing Xinghang Mechanical-Electric Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100074, China
Peng-Fei Hou: Department of Engineering Mechanics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-29

Abstract: The piezoelectric coating structure constitutes the main configuration of contemporary energy harvesting systems, and its development requires accurate modeling of electromechanical coupling behavior under mechanical loads. The present work prepares a framework to analyze orthotropic piezoelectric coating–substrate systems; based on the fundamental solution theory, it derives two-dimensional Green functions from closed-form elementary functions. The formulation can establish the mesh-free solution paradigm through addressing tangential line force loading onto a coated surface. This method helps reconstruct full-field electromechanical responses upon arbitrary mechanical loading by integrating superposition principles and Gaussian quadrature technologies. An important application is in optimizing coating thickness, where parametric research suggests that piezoelectric layer geometry is non-linearly correlated with energy conversion efficiency. Notably, analytical sensitivity coefficients of this framework contribute to gradient-based optimization algorithms, which enhances efficiency compared with traditional empirical frameworks.

Keywords: Green’s function; piezoelectric; coated; energy harvesters; a tangential line force (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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