An Adaptive Fairness-Based PV Curtailment Strategy: Simulation and Experimental Validation

Francis Maina Itote (), Ryuto Shigenobu, Akiko Takahashi, Masakazu Ito and Ghjuvan Antone Faggianelli
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Francis Maina Itote: Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
Ryuto Shigenobu: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
Akiko Takahashi: Faculty of Basic and Generic Researches, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
Masakazu Ito: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
Ghjuvan Antone Faggianelli: Science for Environment Laboratory, CNRS UMR SPE 6134, University of Corsica, 20000 Ajaccio, France

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-18

Abstract: The rapid growth of PV generation in the distribution grid has necessitated PV curtailment to prevent overvoltage violations, and this has raised fairness issues as some are curtailed disproportionately to others. This paper proposes an adaptive PV curtailment scheme that balances fairness with energy sales using a Curtailment Index (CI) employed to reallocate curtailed energy between PV systems. The CI-based approach dynamically adapts each inverter’s output in real time to provide voltage compliance while ensuring that no individual PV system experiences an overburden of curtailment. The method is evaluated through MATLAB simulations on a three-PV test distribution network and validated experimentally on the PAGLIA ORBA solar microgrid, where its performance is compared to equal-curtailment and unfair strategies. The findings indicate that the adaptive method helps integrate high PV penetration more equitably and efficiently, ensuring stable grid operation while minimizing financial losses for PV owners.

Keywords: photovoltaic curtailment; fairness index; economic efficiency; voltage regulation; experimental validation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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