Nodal Marginal Price Decomposition Mechanism for the Hydrogen Energy Market Considering Hydrogen Transportation Characteristics

Shouheng Li (), Wei Yang, Kangkang Wang and Anan Zhang
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Shouheng Li: School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Wei Yang: School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Kangkang Wang: State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China
Anan Zhang: School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-27

Abstract: With the growing significance of hydrogen in the global energy transition, research on its pricing mechanisms has become increasingly crucial. Focusing on hydrogen markets predominantly supplied by electrolytic production, this study proposes a nodal marginal hydrogen price decomposition algorithm that explicitly incorporates the time-delay dynamics inherent in hydrogen transmission. A four-dimensional price formation framework is established, comprising the energy component, network loss component, congestion component, and time-delay component. To address the nonconvex optimization challenges arising in the market-clearing model, an improved second-order cone programming method is introduced. This method effectively reduces computational complexity through the reconstruction of time-coupled constraints and reformulation of the Weymouth equation. On this basis, the analytical expression of the nodal marginal hydrogen price is rigorously derived, elucidating how transmission dynamics influence each price component. Empirical studies using a modified Belgian 20-node system demonstrate that the proposed pricing mechanism dynamically adapts to load variations, with hydrogen prices exhibiting a strong correlation with electricity cost fluctuations. The results validate the efficacy and superiority of the proposed approach in hydrogen energy market applications. This study provides a theoretical foundation for designing efficient and transparent pricing mechanisms in emerging hydrogen markets.

Keywords: hydrogen energy market; nodal marginal hydrogen pricing; pricing mechanisms; second-order cone planning; time-delay characterization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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