Research on the Identification Method of Traveling Wave Double Peaks Under Impedance Mismatch of Rail Transit Train Cables

Chongming Wang, Jianhai Chen, Yinqiang Xiang, Shun Zhang, Jinguo Lu and Jialiang Huang ()
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Chongming Wang: Technical Services Department, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
Jianhai Chen: Technical Services Department, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
Yinqiang Xiang: Technical Services Department, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
Shun Zhang: Technical Services Department, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
Jinguo Lu: Technical Services Department, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
Jialiang Huang: College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-15

Abstract: Accurate fault localization in rail transit train cables is hindered by impedance mismatch, which induces overshoot interference and attenuates reflected signals, causing traditional peak-detection methods to fail. This study proposes a novel traveling wave dual-peak identification method to address this challenge. The approach employs signal polarity normalization to eliminate phase inversion, Gaussian-weighted filtering to suppress noise and distortion, and local extrema screening to robustly isolate incident and reflected wave peaks amidst complex backgrounds including overshoot oscillations and electromagnetic crosstalk. A dual-Gaussian model is optimized via nonlinear fitting to precisely quantify peak arrival times while compensating for waveform broadening. Fault distance is derived from the optimized time difference and wave velocity. Experimental validation across single-core coaxial, twin-core coaxial, and harness cables with open/short-circuit faults at multiple distances confirms the method’s effectiveness. Results demonstrate strong linear relationships between time differences and fault distances for all cable types, with successful peak identification achieved even under severe signal attenuation or strong coupling interference. This method significantly enhances localization accuracy for rail transit cable systems under impedance mismatch conditions.

Keywords: cable fault location; dual-peak identification; impedance mismatch; overshoot suppression; rail transit cables; time-domain reflectometry; traveling wave method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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