Optimal Energy Sharing Strategy in Multi-Integrated Energy Systems Considering Asymmetric Nash Bargaining

Na Li, Guanxiong Wang, Dongxu Guo and Chongchao Pan ()
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Na Li: State Grid Integrated Energy Services Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100053, China
Guanxiong Wang: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The University of Science and Technology Beijing, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
Dongxu Guo: State Grid Integrated Energy Services Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100053, China
Chongchao Pan: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The University of Science and Technology Beijing, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-20

Abstract: Integrated energy systems (IESs) are increasingly being deployed and expanded, which integrate various energy infrastructures to enable flexible conversion and utilization among different energy forms. To facilitate collaboration among operators of varying scales and fully leverage the economic and environmental benefits of multi-integrated energy systems (MIESs), this study develops a peer-to-peer (P2P) energy sharing framework for MIES based on asymmetric Nash bargaining. First, an IoT-based P2P energy sharing architecture for MIES is proposed, which incorporates coordinated electricity–heat–gas multi-energy synergy within IES models. Carbon capture systems (CCS) and power-to-gas (P2G) units are integrated with carbon trading mechanisms to reduce carbon emissions. Then, an MIES energy sharing operational model is established using Nash bargaining theory, subsequently decoupled into two subproblems: alliance benefit maximization and individual IES benefit distribution optimization. For subproblem 2, an asymmetric bargaining method employing natural exponential functions quantifies participant contributions, enabling fair distribution of cooperative benefits. Finally, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is employed to solve both subproblems distributively, effectively preserving participant privacy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by case simulation, demonstrating reduced operational costs across all IESs alongside equitable benefit allocation proportional to energy-sharing contributions. Carbon emission amounts are simultaneously reduced.

Keywords: multi-integrated energy system; energy sharing; asymmetric Nash bargaining; cooperative operation; alternating direction method of multipliers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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