Kinetic Study on Pyrolysis of Tung Seed Shells and In Situ Characterization by Using TG–FTIR Analysis

Yiju Liao () and Kai Huang ()
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Yiju Liao: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Kai Huang: State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Refinery, Institute of Eco-Environmental Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-18

Abstract: This study investigates the pyrolysis behavior of tung seed shells (TSSs), an underutilized lignocellulosic residue from Vernicia fordii , using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and in situ TG–FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal decomposition process was found to occur in multiple stages, corresponding to the sequential degradation of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Particle size and heating rate strongly influenced the decomposition profile, with finer particles exhibiting enhanced devolatilization due to improved heat and mass transfer. Kinetic analysis using the Coats–Redfern, Doyle, and Kissinger methods revealed apparent activation energies ranging from 30 to 122 kJ/mol, consistent with typical values for lignocellulosic biomass. The evolution of gaseous species, including CO, CO 2 , and CH 4 , throughout all pyrolysis stages confirms the potential of TSSs for bio-syngas and biochar production. These findings provide new insights into the kinetic and mechanistic characteristics of tung seed shell pyrolysis and support its application as a renewable feedstock for sustainable bioenergy generation.

Keywords: tung seed shell; pyrolysis; TGA analysis; kinetics; TG–FTIR; biofuel gases (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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