Characterisation of Harmonic Resonance Phenomenon of Multi-Parallel PV Inverter Systems: Modelling and Analysis

Kasun Peiris, Sean Elphick, Jason David and Duane Robinson ()
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Kasun Peiris: Australian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Sean Elphick: Australian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Jason David: Australian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Duane Robinson: Australian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 2, 1-23

Abstract: Solar PV inverters require output filters to reduce unwanted harmonics in their output, where LCL filters are a more economical choice than larger inductance-only filters. A drawback of these filters is that they can introduce power quality disturbances, especially at higher frequencies (above 2 kHz). This paper investigates and characterises the resonance phenomenon introduced by different filter types, i.e., LC or LCL, and identifies their behavioural change when combined with multiple parallel grid-tied PV inverter systems. MATLAB/Simulink modelling aspects of PV inverter systems related to resonance phenomenon are presented, including establishing resonance at a specific frequency where potentially large variations in the parameter selection across manufacturers may exist. In addition, a method is developed to establish output filter frequency response through measurements, which is used to develop validated solar PV harmonic models for high-frequency analysis. The low-frequency harmonic models can be used up to the resonant frequency where the current flowing through the filter capacitor is insignificant compared to the current flowing into the electricity network.

Keywords: resonance; frequency response; MATLAB/Simulink modelling; supraharmonics; solar PV inverter (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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