Empirically Validated Method to Simulate Electric Minibus Taxi Efficiency Using Tracking Data

Chris Joseph Abraham, Stephan Lacock, Armand André du Plessis and Marthinus Johannes Booysen ()
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Chris Joseph Abraham: Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa
Stephan Lacock: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa
Armand André du Plessis: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa
Marthinus Johannes Booysen: Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 2, 1-21

Abstract: Simulation is a cornerstone of planning and facilitating the transition towards electric mobility in sub-Saharan Africa’s informal public transport. The primary objective of this study is to validate and refine the electro-kinetic model used to simulate electric versions of the sector’s minibuses. A systematic simulation methodology is also developed to correct the simulation parameters and improve the high-frequency GPS data used with the model. A retrofitted electric minibus was used to capture high-frequency GPS mobility data and power draw from the battery. The method incorporates key refinements such as corrections for gross vehicle mass, elevation and speed smoothing, radial drag, hill-climb forces, and the calibration of propulsion and regenerative braking parameters. The refined simulation demonstrates improved alignment with measured power draw and trip energy usage, reducing error margins and enhancing model reliability. Factors such as trip characteristics and environmental conditions, including wind resistance, are identified as potential contributors to observed discrepancies. These findings highlight the importance of precise data handling and model calibration for accurate energy simulation and decision making in the transition to electric public transport. This work provides a robust framework for future studies and practical implementations, offering insights into the technical and operational challenges of electrifying informal public transport systems in resource-constrained regions.

Keywords: electric vehicle; electric mobility; paratransit; minibus taxi; mobility modelling; renewable energy; transport data (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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