Optimal Management of Commercial Electric Vehicle Fleets with Recharging Stations and Time-Varying Electricity Prices

Massimiliano Coppo (), Marco Agostini, Giulia De Matteis and Marina Bertolini
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Massimiliano Coppo: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Marco Agostini: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Giulia De Matteis: Department of Economics and Management “Marco Fanno”, University of Padova, 35123 Padova, Italy
Marina Bertolini: Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 3, 1-22

Abstract: The promotion of electric mobility is a key objective of energy transition, and it is aimed at significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions, with road transport being understood as a major contributor. Despite its potential, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in logistics faces critical challenges, including limited battery range, charging time, and the availability of charging infrastructure. Moreover, deploying charging stations must be carefully coordinated with the public grid to ensure seamless integration. This paper proposes a novel methodology for the optimal design and management of EV fleets in logistics. Our approach introduces innovations such as leveraging self-produced electricity and incorporating time-varying energy prices that can be tailored to individual nodes. This marks an important step toward a comprehensive interdisciplinary framework that integrates technical solutions with public policy considerations. Through case studies, we explore how various parameters and resource distributions influence optimal decisions. The findings demonstrate significant potential for cost reduction and enhanced efficiency when applying this methodology to EV-based logistics, thereby offering actionable insights for advancing sustainable transportation.

Keywords: electric vehicles; logistics; vehicle routing problem; time-varying prices (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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