Assessing the Sustainability of Energy-Related Nanomaterial Synthesis: Emphasizing the Need for Energy-Efficient Nanomaterial Preparation Techniques

Nazim Hasan, Manikandan Muthu, Othman Hakami and Judy Gopal ()
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Nazim Hasan: Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Manikandan Muthu: Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
Othman Hakami: Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Judy Gopal: Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 3, 1-22

Abstract: Sustainable energy has always been the top-priority research discussion, and nanomaterials in energy applications have facilitated the achievement of this goal. For the first time, this review highlights the subtle, overlooked, unaccounted expenditure of energy going into nanomaterial synthesis. In the present article, we give a brief overview of the various nanomaterials used in energy applications and present their general synthesis methods. The lack of data/information on the energy expended on nanomaterial synthesis has been critically pointed out. The alternative, energy-saving, energy-efficient methods, considering sustainability even at the nanomaterial synthesis level, have been put forth as recommendations. This article aims at creating an awareness towards planning of holistic sustainable energy-efficient nanomaterial synthesis processes that will conserve energy. The question projected is: what is the purpose of losing energy during synthesis of energy producing and energy storing nanomaterials?

Keywords: sustainable energy; nanomaterial synthesis; sustainable nanotechnology; energy-efficient process (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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