A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning

Yan Chen, Miaolin Yu, Haochong Wei, Huanxing Qi, Yiming Qin, Xiaochun Hu () and Rongxing Jiang
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Yan Chen: School of Business, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Miaolin Yu: School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Haochong Wei: School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Huanxing Qi: Dispatching Control Center of Guangxi Power Grid, Nanning 530004, China
Yiming Qin: Dispatching Control Center of Guangxi Power Grid, Nanning 530004, China
Xiaochun Hu: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Big Data in Finance and Economics, Nanning 530004, China
Rongxing Jiang: School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 3, 1-20

Abstract: Accurate wind power forecasting is crucial for optimizing grid scheduling and improving wind power utilization. However, real-world wind power time series exhibit dynamic statistical properties, such as changing mean and variance over time, which make it difficult for models to apply observed patterns from the past to the future. Additionally, the execution speed and high computational resource demands of complex prediction models make them difficult to deploy on edge computing nodes such as wind farms. To address these issues, this paper explores the potential of linear models for wind power forecasting and constructs NFLM, a linear, lightweight, short-term wind power forecasting model that is more adapted to the characteristics of wind power data. The model captures both short-term and long-term sequence variations through continuous and interval sampling. To mitigate the interference of dynamic features, we propose a normalization feature learning block (NFLBlock) as the core component of NFLM for processing sequences. This module normalizes input data and uses a stacked multilayer perceptron to extract cross-temporal and cross-dimensional dependencies. Experiments with data from two real wind farms in Guangxi, China, showed that compared with other advanced wind power forecasting methods, the MSE of NFLM in the 24-step ahead forecasting of the two wind farms is respectively reduced by 23.88% and 21.03%, and the floating-point operations (FLOPs) and parameter count only require 36.366 M and 0.59 M, respectively. The results show that NFLM can achieve good prediction accuracy with fewer computing resources.

Keywords: wind power forecasting; deep learning; multi-layer perceptron; dynamic features; lightweight modeling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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