Artificial Intelligence and Nature-Inspired Techniques on Optimal Biodiesel Production: A Review—Recent Trends

Christos Kyriklidis, Aikaterini Koutouvou, Konstantinos Moustakas (), Vayos Karayannis () and Constantinos Tsanaktsidis
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Christos Kyriklidis: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, Kila, GR-50100 Kozani, Greece
Aikaterini Koutouvou: Informatics Department, University of Western Macedonia, Fourka, GR-52100 Kastoria, Greece
Konstantinos Moustakas: School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, GR-15773 Athens, Greece
Vayos Karayannis: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, Kila, GR-50100 Kozani, Greece
Constantinos Tsanaktsidis: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, Kila, GR-50100 Kozani, Greece

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-15

Abstract: Humanity has consumed large amounts of energy in recent decades. Energy requirements increase continuously, and fossil fuel overuse pollutes the environment extremely. The researchers turned their attention to alternative solutions, such as renewable sources of fuels, which reduce negative emissions. At the same time, biodiesel is produced from environmentally friendly raw materials and is a competitive fuel with acceptable properties. The scientific community investigates new approaches to further improve the physicochemical properties of biodiesel in more economical ways. Artificial intelligence and nature-inspired techniques are particularly capable of searching for optimal fuels in complex optimization fields. The current study concerns a recent review of biodiesel production approaches based on evolutionary computation methods. These methods lead to innovative biodiesel development, costing less with lower sulfur content. Except for the economic profits, the reduction of environmental emissions in praxis confirms biodiesel appropriateness for more consumption than fossil blends. The algorithms’ accuracy and effectiveness were evaluated in various case studies and detailed results were offered in every publication. The optimal fuels are produced in laboratories and tested in common engines too. In the literature, there exists a gap in relation to the financial and environmental aspects of biodiesel fuel production, which should also be investigated.

Keywords: biodiesel; fuel production; optimization; artificial intelligence; nature-inspired techniques (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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