Research on Coordinated Control of Power Distribution in Hydrogen-Containing Energy Storage Microgrids

Yingjun Guo, Jiaxin Liu, Pu Xie, Gang Qin, Qingqing Zhang and Hexu Sun ()
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Yingjun Guo: School of Electric Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050027, China
Jiaxin Liu: School of Electric Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050027, China
Pu Xie: School of Information and Intelligent Engineering, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, China
Gang Qin: Suntien Green Energy Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050011, China
Qingqing Zhang: Suntien Green Energy Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050011, China
Hexu Sun: School of Electric Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050027, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-17

Abstract: The integration of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, at high proportions has become an inevitable trend in the development of power systems under the new power system framework. The construction of a microgrid system incorporating hydrogen energy storage and battery energy storage can leverage the complementary advantages of long-term and short-term hybrid storage, achieving power and energy balance across multiple time scales in the power system. To prevent frequent start-stop cycles of hydrogen storage devices and lithium battery storage under overcharge and overdischarge conditions, a coordinated control strategy for power distribution in a microgrid with hydrogen storage is proposed. First, a fuzzy control algorithm is used for power distribution between hydrogen storage and lithium battery storage. Then, the hydrogen storage tank’s state of health (SOH) and the lithium battery’s state of charge (SOC) are compared, with the goal of selecting a multi-stack fuel cell system operating at its optimal efficiency point, where each fuel cell stack outputs 10 kW. This further ensures that the SOC and SOH remain within reasonable ranges. Finally, simulations are conducted in MATLAB/Simulink R2018b to verify that the proposed strategy maintains stability in the DC bus and alleviates issues of overcharge and overdischarge, ensuring that both the system’s SOC and SOH remain within a reasonable range, thereby enhancing equipment lifespan and system stability.

Keywords: hydrogen energy storage; fuzzy control; multi-stack fuel cells; electricity–hydrogen coupling; renewable energies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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