High-Efficiency, Low-Loss, and Wideband 5.8 GHz Energy Harvester Designed Using TSMC 65 nm Process for IoT Self-Powered Nodes

Hebah Rabah, Lutfi Albasha (), Hasan Mir, Nasir Quadir and Syed Zahid Abbas
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Hebah Rabah: Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
Lutfi Albasha: Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
Hasan Mir: Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
Nasir Quadir: Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
Syed Zahid Abbas: Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-21

Abstract: Energy harvesting systems are becoming increasingly vital for sustainable power supply in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. These systems involve capturing and converting energy from environmental sources into electrical power. This paper presents a high-efficiency 5.8 GHz energy harvester for powering such devices, designed in a 65 nm pure CMOS process. The proposed design utilizes a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor-based Dickson charge pump energy harvester for high-frequency energy conversion. Simulation results are presented and discussed on the post-layout verified and extracted circuits with matching implemented to emulate the real-world testing scenarios. The design addresses challenges specific to high-frequency operation, including parasitic capacitances, frequency-dependent leakage currents, and impedance mismatches, ensuring optimal performance at higher frequencies. The evaluation focuses on key metrics such as output voltage and power conversion efficiency (PCE), with the harvester demonstrating an output voltage of 2.88 V and an efficiency of 82.94%.

Keywords: energy harvesting systems; rectifier; radio frequency; power conversion efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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