A Review of Earth-Air Heat Exchangers: From Fundamental Principles to Hybrid Systems with Renewable Energy Integration

Hanna Koshlak ()
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Hanna Koshlak: Department of Sanitary Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Aleja Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego, 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-35

Abstract: Earth-Air Heat Exchangers (EAHEs) provide a compelling solution for improving building energy efficiency by harnessing the stable subterranean temperature to pre-treat ventilation air. This comprehensive review delves into the foundational principles of EAHE operation, meticulously examining heat and mass transfer phenomena at the ground-air interface. This study meticulously investigates the impact of key factors, including soil characteristics, climatic conditions, and crucial system design parameters, on overall system performance. Beyond independent applications, this review explores the integration of EAHEs with a diverse array of renewable energy technologies, such as air-source heat pumps, photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels, wind turbines, fogging systems, water spray channels, solar chimneys, and photovoltaic systems. This exploration aims to clarify the potential of hybrid systems in achieving enhanced energy efficiency, minimizing environmental impact, and improving the overall robustness of the system.

Keywords: earth-air heat exchanger; renewable energy; sustainable building; HVAC systems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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