Assessment of Hydrogen Storage and Pipelines for Hydrogen Farm

Esmaeil Alssalehin (), Paul Holborn () and Pericles Pilidis ()
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Esmaeil Alssalehin: Thermal Power & Propulsion, SATM, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
Paul Holborn: Thermal Power & Propulsion, SATM, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
Pericles Pilidis: Thermal Power & Propulsion, SATM, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-31

Abstract: This paper presents a thorough initial evaluation of hydrogen gaseous storage and pipeline infrastructure, emphasizing health and safety protocols as well as capacity considerations pertinent to industrial applications. As hydrogen increasingly establishes itself as a vital energy vector within the transition towards low-carbon energy systems, the formulation of effective storage and transportation solutions becomes imperative. The investigation delves into the applications and technologies associated with hydrogen storage, specifically concentrating on compressed hydrogen gas storage, elucidating the principles underlying hydrogen compression and the diverse categories of hydrogen storage tanks, including pressure vessels specifically designed for gaseous hydrogen containment. Critical factors concerning hydrogen gas pipelines are scrutinized, accompanied by a review of appropriate compression apparatus, types of compressors, and particular pipeline specifications necessary for the transport of both hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysers. The significance of health and safety in hydrogen systems is underscored due to the flammable nature and high diffusivity of hydrogen. This paper defines the recommended health and safety protocols for hydrogen storage and pipeline operations, alongside exemplary practices for the effective implementation of these protocols across various storage and pipeline configurations. Moreover, it investigates the function of oxygen transport pipelines and the applications of oxygen produced from electrolysers, considering the interconnected safety standards governing hydrogen and oxygen infrastructure. The conclusions drawn from this study facilitate the advancement of secure and efficient hydrogen storage and pipeline systems, thereby furthering the overarching aim of scalable hydrogen energy deployment within both energy and industrial sectors.

Keywords: compressed hydrogen storage; hydrogen tanks; hydrogen gas pipeline; hydrogen safety; safety distance; compression equipment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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