Impact Assessment of Second-Life Batteries and Local Photovoltaics for Decarbonizing Enterprises Through System Digitalization and Energy Management

Gerard Borrego-Orpinell, Jose-Fernando Forero, Adriano Caprara and Francisco Díaz-González ()
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Gerard Borrego-Orpinell: Centre d’Innovació Tecnològica en Convertidors Estàtics i Accionaments (CITCEA-UPC), Departament d’Enginyeria Elèctrica, Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, Planta 0, Pavelló G, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Jose-Fernando Forero: Centre d’Innovació Tecnològica en Convertidors Estàtics i Accionaments (CITCEA-UPC), Departament d’Enginyeria Elèctrica, Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, Planta 0, Pavelló G, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Adriano Caprara: Centre d’Innovació Tecnològica en Convertidors Estàtics i Accionaments (CITCEA-UPC), Departament d’Enginyeria Elèctrica, Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, Planta 0, Pavelló G, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Francisco Díaz-González: Centre d’Innovació Tecnològica en Convertidors Estàtics i Accionaments (CITCEA-UPC), Departament d’Enginyeria Elèctrica, Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, Planta 0, Pavelló G, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-31

Abstract: This paper shows an impact assessment of second-life batteries (SLBs) and local photovoltaics (PV) for decarbonizing enterprises through system digitalization and energy management. SLBs from electric vehicles offer a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable energy storage solution for enterprises. These systems can significantly reduce fossil fuel dependence coupled with local PV installations. This paper proposes a methodology for developing the complete digital twin of an enterprise in combination with an optimization algorithm for energy management. This methodology can be applied to a wide range of enterprises across different sectors, both industrial and non-industrial, with diverse consumption patterns. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to evaluate the potential of this methodology for enterprises in different contexts, where different battery sizes, PV installations, consumption types, and environmental prioritization policies are encountered. Findings indicate that combining SLBs and PV installation, supported by digital energy management, can substantially reduce carbon footprints and operational costs.

Keywords: energy storage systems; optimization; second-life battery; digital twin (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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