A Physical-Based Electro-Thermal Model for a Prismatic LFP Lithium-Ion Cell Thermal Analysis

Alberto Broatch, Pablo Olmeda (), Xandra Margot and Luca Agizza
Additional contact information
Alberto Broatch: CMT—Clean Mobility and Thermofluids, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Pablo Olmeda: CMT—Clean Mobility and Thermofluids, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Xandra Margot: CMT—Clean Mobility and Thermofluids, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Luca Agizza: CMT—Clean Mobility and Thermofluids, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-29

Abstract: This article presents an electro-thermal model of a prismatic lithium-ion cell, integrating physics-based models for capacity and resistance estimation. A 100 Ah prismatic cell with LFP-based chemistry was selected for analysis. A comprehensive experimental campaign was conducted to determine electrical parameters and assess their dependencies on temperature and C-rate. Capacity tests were conducted to characterize the cell’s capacity, while an OCV test was used to evaluate its open circuit voltage. Additionally, Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization tests were performed to determine the cell’s internal resistive-capacitive parameters. To describe the temperature dependence of the cell’s capacity, a physics-based Galushkin model is proposed. An Arrhenius model is used to represent the temperature dependence of resistances. The integration of physics-based models significantly reduces the required test matrix for model calibration, as temperature-dependent behavior is effectively predicted. The electrical response is represented using a first-order equivalent circuit model, while thermal behavior is described through a nodal network thermal model. Model validation was conducted under real driving emissions cycles at various temperatures, achieving a root mean square error below 1% in all cases. Furthermore, a comparative study of different cell cooling strategies is presented to identify the most effective approach for temperature control during ultra-fast charging. The results show that side cooling achieves a 36% lower temperature at the end of the charging process compared to base cooling.

Keywords: lithium-ion; batteries; experimental characterization; electro-thermal modelling; cooling strategies; prismatic cell (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1281/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1281/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:1281-:d:1606018

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().