Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains

Miao Yuan, Huawei Jiang (), Xiangli Zuo, Cuiping Wang, Yanhui Li () and Hairui Yang ()
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Miao Yuan: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Huawei Jiang: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Xiangli Zuo: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Cuiping Wang: College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Yanhui Li: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Hairui Yang: Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-22

Abstract: Iron-based oxygen carriers (OCs) have received much attention due to their low costs, high mechanical strengths and high-temperature stabilities in the chemical looping gasification (CLG) of biomass, but their chemical reactivity is very ordinary. Converter steel slags (CSSs) are steelmaking wastes and rich in Fe 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO, which have good oxidative ability and good stability as well as catalytic effects on biomass gasification. Therefore, the composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs are expected to be used to increase the hydrogen production in the CLG of biomass. In this study, the catalytic performance of CSS/Fe 2 O 3 composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs on the gasification of brewers’ spent grains (BSGs) were investigated in a tubular furnace experimental apparatus. The results showed that when the weight ratio of the CSSs in composite OCs was 0.5, the relative volume fraction of hydrogen reached the maximum value of 49.1%, the product gas yield was 0.85 Nm 3 /kg and the gasification efficiency was 64.05%. It could be found by X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscope characterizations that the addition of CSSs helped to form MgFe 2 O 4 , which are efficient catalysts for H 2 production. Owing to the large and widely distributed surface pores of CSSs, mixing them with iron-based OCs was beneficial for catalytic steam reforming to produce hydrogen.

Keywords: chemical looping gasification; brewers’ spent grains; converter steel slags; iron-based oxygen carriers; hydrogen production; catalytic performance; chemical reactivity; cyclic stability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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