An Analysis to Identify the Key Factors in Power System Planning: The Case of Mexico

Ulises Hernandez-Hurtado, Joselito Medina-Marín, Juan Carlos Seck-Tuoh-Mora (), Norberto Hernández-Romero and Cecilia Martin-del-Campo
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Ulises Hernandez-Hurtado: Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico
Joselito Medina-Marín: Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico
Juan Carlos Seck-Tuoh-Mora: Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico
Norberto Hernández-Romero: Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico
Cecilia Martin-del-Campo: Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 6, 1-22

Abstract: COP21 represents a starting point for several nations to develop and implement energy transition strategies to face and mitigate climate change, making the electrical power sector crucial in achieving the established goals and commitments. This research presents an analysis to identify the key factors in power system planning by integrating an economic dispatch model (ED) based on linear programming to determine vulnerable aspects of power generation and transmission in strategic planning scenarios that could jeopardize the country’s energy transition. The analysis is illustrated through a case study of the Mexican Electrical Power System (SEN) during the year 2025. The case study shows that the reserve margin fluctuated due to the variable renewable energy installed despite having a vast installed capacity to supply the country’s total demand. In addition, the results showed that most of the transmission lines had a congestion frequency higher than 90% of their capacity during most of the year. Two regions were identified as the best options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by installing new power plants. Finally, most technologies reflected an under-generation, suggesting high dependence on some fuels to supply the Mexican demand. The model’s programming is freely available in GitHub.

Keywords: power system planning; multi-time scenarios; economic dispatch; multi-region scenarios; optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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