Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries Using MnSO 4 Electrolyte Additive and α-MnO 2 Cathode

Xinfeng Zhou, Chenchen Ji (), Lingyun Wan, Xiaohui Zhang, Haopeng Wang, Longfei Xie and Jie Gao
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Xinfeng Zhou: Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Research Institute Co., Ltd., Ürümqi 830000, China
Chenchen Ji: State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
Lingyun Wan: Aketao Kebang Manganese Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Aketao 845550, China
Xiaohui Zhang: Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Research Institute Co., Ltd., Ürümqi 830000, China
Haopeng Wang: Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Research Institute Co., Ltd., Ürümqi 830000, China
Longfei Xie: Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Research Institute Co., Ltd., Ürümqi 830000, China
Jie Gao: Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Research Institute Co., Ltd., Ürümqi 830000, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 6, 1-13

Abstract: Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are an ideal choice for large-scale energy storage due to their high safety, environmental friendliness, and low cost. However, their performance is constrained by challenges related to cathode materials, such as poor conductivity, dissolution of active materials, and structural instability during cycling. In this study, α-MnO 2 cathode material with a tunnel structure was synthesized via a hydrothermal method, and MnSO 4 was introduced into the ZnSO 4 electrolyte to optimize the electrochemical performance of ZIBs. Characterizations through XRD, SEM, and BET revealed excellent crystal morphology and nanorod structures, which provided superior ion transport pathways. With the addition of MnSO 4 , the discharge specific capacity of ZIBs at 0.1 A g⁻ 1 was significantly improved from 172.9 mAh g⁻ 1 to 263.2 mAh g⁻ 1 , the cycling stability was also notably enhanced, namely, after 1000 cycles with the current density of 1 mA cm −2 , the capacity settled at 50 mAh g −1 , which is a 47.4% increase in relation to the case of absent additive. The experimental results indicate that MnSO 4 additives effectively suppress manganese dissolution, improving the rate capability and reducing self-discharge. This study provides a novel approach to the development of high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Keywords: zinc-ion batteries; manganese oxide; tunnel structure; MnSO 4 additive; rate capability; cathode materials (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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