Development of Efficient Cooling Regimes for the Lining of a Ferroalloy Production Casting Ladle

Nazgul Aripova, Evgeniy Prikhodko, Alexandr Nikiforov, Akmaral Kinzhibekova (), Amangeldy Karmanov, Alexandr Paramonov and Vladimir Ryndin
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Nazgul Aripova: Department of Heat Power Engineering, Toraighyrov University, 64 Lomov Str., Pavlodar 140000, Kazakhstan
Evgeniy Prikhodko: Department of Heat Power Engineering, Toraighyrov University, 64 Lomov Str., Pavlodar 140000, Kazakhstan
Alexandr Nikiforov: Department of Heat Power Engineering, Toraighyrov University, 64 Lomov Str., Pavlodar 140000, Kazakhstan
Akmaral Kinzhibekova: Department of Heat Power Engineering, Toraighyrov University, 64 Lomov Str., Pavlodar 140000, Kazakhstan
Amangeldy Karmanov: Department of Heat Power Engineering, Toraighyrov University, 64 Lomov Str., Pavlodar 140000, Kazakhstan
Alexandr Paramonov: Department of Heat Power Engineering, Omsk State Technical University, 11 Prospect Mira, Omsk 644050, Russia
Vladimir Ryndin: Department of Mechanics and Oil and Gas Engineering, Toraighyrov University, 64 Lomov Str., Pavlodar 140000, Kazakhstan

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 6, 1-12

Abstract: The refractory lining of high-temperature aggregates determines the duration of their operation before major repairs. The ability to retain technological material within the aggregate’s working area is the main factor for its continued operation. The analysis shows that the main reason for the destruction of the lining of ferroalloy production casting ladles is the occurrence of thermal stresses in the processes of heating and cooling the lining. When the stresses exceed the ultimate strength of the refractory material used, the material is destroyed. The greater the magnitude and duration of the excess thermal stresses, the faster the lining destruction occurs. Streamlining thermal regimes is the most low-cost and sufficiently effective way to increase the durability of linings. The development of lining heating and cooling regimes can be carried out on the basis of determining the thermal stress state by calculating the maximum permissible heating rates. The developed regimes allow for working at speeds at which the resulting stresses do not exceed the ultimate strength of the refractory materials. The aim of this study is to develop efficient cooling regimes for the lining of a ferroalloy production casting ladle from the standpoint of the resulting thermal stresses. A method for determining the thermal stresses in the lining has been developed and implemented using Microsoft Excel. This facilitates the use of the developed methodology in production without the need for special skills on the part of operating personnel. Using the developed methodology, the cooling schedules for the lining of ferroalloy production ladles were improved. To reduce temperature unevenness across the lining cross-section, a decision was made to initially heat the outer surface of the lining and cool the inner surface of the lining. Heating the outer surface can be achieved by using the heat of combustion of the ferroalloy gas or the heat of the exhaust gases from the stand for drying and heating casting ladles. Cooling the inner surface of the lining can be achieved by natural convection. The result of the development and implementation of an efficient cooling regime is a reduction in thermal stresses to the required level throughout almost the entire cooling process.

Keywords: lining cooling; the ultimate strength of refractories; lining; high-temperature aggregates; thermal stresses; chamotte refractories (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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