Optimization of Renewable-Based Multi-Energy Systems in Residential Building Design

Vasileios Kilis, Georgios Anastasiadis, Nikolaos Ploskas and Giorgos Panaras ()
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Vasileios Kilis: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, 50131 Kozani, Greece
Georgios Anastasiadis: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, 50131 Kozani, Greece
Nikolaos Ploskas: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, 50131 Kozani, Greece
Giorgos Panaras: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Western Macedonia, 50131 Kozani, Greece

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 6, 1-20

Abstract: Electrification is a key priority of the European Union, focusing on saving energy resources and mitigating carbon emissions through enhancing restrictions on relative policies and initiatives. For such goals to be achieved, investing in renewable energy technologies on large- and small-scale projects is promoted. These efforts were implemented in the building sector too, highlighting the importance of optimal decisions in improving the energy performance of buildings, from an economic, energy and environmental perspective. In this context, this paper aims to elaborate a decision-making methodology for building thermal design, considering the optimal selection and operation of multi-energy systems focused on renewable technologies. Solar thermal collectors, photovoltaic systems and heat pumps were included in an Energy Hub for meeting the heating, cooling and domestic hot water energy demand. Optimal decisions were achieved by formulating Mathematical Programming models in GAMS, for minimizing economic, energy and environmental parameters of the systems under a life cycle perspective. The proposed methodology was implemented in a residential building case study. Results show that combining heat pumps with photovoltaics is preferable for all of the examined criteria, while a sensitivity analysis of the economic, energy and environmental parameters, influencing the energy mixture, leads to optimal solutions with the participation of different energy systems.

Keywords: building energy efficiency; optimal decision making; multi-energy systems; multiple criteria optimization; energy hub; mathematical programming (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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