Hydrogen-Based Solutions for Enhancing Frequency Stability in Renewable Energy-Integrated Power Systems

Youngmin Jeong, Gimin Kim, Jonghoon Lee and Sangwook Han ()
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Youngmin Jeong: Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Gimin Kim: Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Jonghoon Lee: Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Sangwook Han: Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-28

Abstract: With the increasing adoption of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, it is essential to achieve carbon neutrality. However, several shortcomings, including their intermittence, pose significant challenges to the stability of the electrical grid. This study explores hydrogen-based technologies, such as fuel cells and water electrolysis systems, as an effective solution to improve frequency stability and address the problems of power grid reliability. Using power system analysis programs, modeling and simulations performed on IEEE-25 Bus and Jeju Island systems demonstrate the potential of these technologies to mitigate reductions, reduce transmission constraints, and stabilize frequencies. The results show that hydrogen-based systems are important factors enabling sustainable energy transition.

Keywords: hydrogen energy; frequency stability; fuel cell; water electrolysis; power system; carbon neutrality; power grid reliability; IEEE-25 bus; Jeju Island (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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