Research on Energy Management Strategy Based on Adaptive Equivalent Fuel Consumption Minimum for Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Systems

Zhaoxuan Zhu (), Zhiwei Yin and Kaiyu Qin
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Zhaoxuan Zhu: School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Zhiwei Yin: School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Kaiyu Qin: School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-14

Abstract: Hydrogen has attracted widespread attention due to its zero emissions and high energy density, and hydrogen-fueled power systems are gradually emerging. This paper combines the advantages of the high conversion efficiency of fuel cells and strong engine power to propose a hydrogen hybrid energy system architecture based on a mixture of fuel cells and engines in order to improve the conversion efficiency of the energy system and reduce its fuel consumption rate. Firstly, according to the topology of the hydrogen hybrid energy system and the circuit model of its core components, a state-space model of the hydrogen hybrid energy system is established using the Kirchhoff node current principle, laying the foundation for the control and management of hydrogen hybrid energy systems. Then, based on the state-space model of the hydrogen hybrid system and Pontryagin’s minimum principle, a hydrogen hybrid system management strategy based on adaptive equivalent fuel consumption minimum strategy (A-ECMS) is proposed. Finally, a hydrogen hybrid power system model is established using the AVL Cruise simulation platform and a control strategy is developed using matlab 2021b/Simulink to analyze the output power and fuel economy of the hybrid energy system. The results show that, compared with the equivalent fuel consumption minimum strategy (ECMS), the overall fuel economy of A-ECMS could improve by 10%. Meanwhile, the fuel consumption of the hydrogen hybrid energy system is less than half of that of traditional engines.

Keywords: hydrogen; hybrid energy system; state-space equation; equivalent consumption minimum strategy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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