Online Monitoring of Partial Discharges in Large Power Transformers Using Ultra-High Frequency and Acoustic Emission Methods: Case Studies

Wojciech Sikorski () and Jaroslaw Gielniak
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Wojciech Sikorski: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
Jaroslaw Gielniak: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-26

Abstract: Partial discharges (PDs) are one of the leading causes of catastrophic power transformer failures. To prevent such failures, online PD monitoring systems are increasingly being implemented. In this paper, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, a case study analysis of short-term PD monitoring is presented for the first time using a combination of acoustic emission and ultra-high-frequency methods. Studies have shown that this approach, supported by selected statistical methods for analyzing the convergence (such as the confusion matrix and agreement metrics) of acoustic and electromagnetic pulse detection, improves the reliability of PD detection. Furthermore, it was shown that short-term PD monitoring enables the identification of time windows during which discharges occur periodically and the determination of the transformer phase containing the PD source. This, in turn, facilitates the application of the time difference of arrival (TDoA) technique for the precise localization of transformer insulation defects.

Keywords: partial discharge; power transformer; online monitoring; UHF; acoustic emission (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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