An Analysis of Structural Integrity and Durability in Determining the Optimal Compaction Parameters for Hemp and Pine

Kamil Roman (), Witold Jan Wardal and Gabriela Maksymiuk
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Kamil Roman: Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska St., 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Witold Jan Wardal: Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska St., 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Gabriela Maksymiuk: Faculty of Wood Technology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-23

Abstract: Research on seed hemp and pine was carried out to improve sustainability and energy efficiency. The mechanical properties of different species of lignocellulosic biomass are still undocumented in the context of granulation processes, even though lignocellulosic biomass is widely studied for biofuel production. Hemp and pine have not been thoroughly compared in the granulation process. Under compressive forces pertinent to pelletizing, the study investigated the mechanical properties of lignocellulosic materials, such as hemp and Scots pine. Based on their mechanical properties, microscopic analysis and strength tests were conducted to compare hemp pellets and pine briquettes. In recent years, a significant trend has been towards eco-friendly and innovative biofuel production, motivating research on compaction technologies and material strength enhancement. The study compared hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) with Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) during compaction. Compared with pine briquettes, hemp pellets exhibit superior mechanical durability (durability factor = 0.98) and compressive strength (average 2.5 kN), demonstrating hemp’s potential as a renewable fuel source. The study results contribute to the development of sustainable biofuel production processes.

Keywords: bioenergy; hemp stalk; pine residues; pellets and briquets (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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