The Progress and Prospect of Gap Breakdown Characteristics and Discharge Mechanisms of Overhead Transmission Lines Under Vegetation Fire Conditions

Haohua Hu, Peng Li () and Daochun Huang
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Haohua Hu: College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
Peng Li: Transmission Line Engineering Technology Research Center of Hubei, Yichang 443002, China
Daochun Huang: Transmission Line Engineering Technology Research Center of Hubei, Yichang 443002, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 8, 1-19

Abstract: Wildfires frequently occur, posing a significant threat to the operational stability of transmission lines across mountainous forest areas. Therefore, this paper reviews numerous studies conducted by domestic and international scholars on the gap breakdown tests and discharge mechanisms of transmission lines under simulated wildfire conditions. It analyses and summarizes the physical parameter measurement methods commonly used in current experiments. Combining the results of existing experiments, this study analyzes the discharge mechanisms, including the research progress made in numerical simulations. The conclusion is that existing tests are limited in their measurement methods of the physical quantities related to breakdown characteristics, and it is not easy to strictly control experimental variables when considering complex factors. Numerical simulations mainly focus on multi-physical field simulations, which consider the characteristics of vegetation fires in short gaps. The synergistic mechanism of environmental factors on gap breakdown characteristics remains unclear. This paper points out the breakdown characteristics and discharge mechanisms derived from existing experiments and numerical simulations under various influencing factors, highlighting their applicability and limitations, which differ from complex actual transmission lines in the environment. Then, we look forward to the future development of simulation test platforms that could better reflect the actual transmission line corridor environment, incorporating multi-parameter measurement and in-depth numerical simulation works that consider climate and terrain factors.

Keywords: wildfire; transmission line; HVDC; gap breakdown; parameter measurement methods; breakdown characteristics; discharge mechanism; numerical simulation; predictive model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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