Evaluation of CO 2 Emissions Reduction in the Japanese Residential Sector Through Energy-Saving Scenarios Based on Large-Scale Survey Data

Yujiro Hirano (), Yukiko Yoshida, Takahiro Yoshida, Yoshiki Yamagata, Suguru Mizutani and Ji Xuan
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Yujiro Hirano: National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
Yukiko Yoshida: Carbon Recycling Energy Research Center (CRERC), Ibaraki University, 4-12-1, Nakanarusawacho, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
Takahiro Yoshida: Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan
Yoshiki Yamagata: Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio University, Kyousei-kan, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8526, Japan
Suguru Mizutani: Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc. Kioi-cho ARK Bldg, 3F 3-29, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan
Ji Xuan: Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc. Kioi-cho ARK Bldg, 3F 3-29, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 8, 1-21

Abstract: In recent years, the effects of global climate change have become more apparent, and reducing energy-derived CO 2 emissions has become an important issue. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the CO 2 emission reduction effect according to energy conservation scenarios in the residential sector, based on actual data. In this study, we set up energy-saving scenarios assuming the implementation of energy-saving behavior and the replacement of energy-consuming equipment and calculated the CO 2 emission reduction effects of energy conservation for cooling, heating, and hot water using individual data from a large-scale survey of 29,161 samples. Consequently, we could quantify the relationship between the set scenarios and the associated CO 2 reduction effects. Based on the results, we compared countermeasures and considered their respective potentials. However, despite there being an aggressive scenario in which all households implemented energy conservation measures, the calculated savings were limited. Therefore, we also considered the potential of demand response as a rough estimate. The results indicated that, while continued efforts to curb energy demand are necessary, a comprehensive countermeasure approach is important for achieving carbon neutrality.

Keywords: residential energy consumption; CO 2 reduction; energy-saving behavior; CO 2 emission statistical survey (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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