Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Diesel Oxidation Catalysts for Methane Removal in Dual-Fuel Diesel–CNG Engines

Piotr Wiśniowski, Magdalena Zimakowska-Laskowska (), Paweł Mazuruk, Sławomir Taubert and Michał Stankiewicz
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Piotr Wiśniowski: Environment Protection Centre, Motor Transport Institute, 80 Jagiellońska Str., 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
Magdalena Zimakowska-Laskowska: Environment Protection Centre, Motor Transport Institute, 80 Jagiellońska Str., 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
Paweł Mazuruk: Environment Protection Centre, Motor Transport Institute, 80 Jagiellońska Str., 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
Sławomir Taubert: Environment Protection Centre, Motor Transport Institute, 80 Jagiellońska Str., 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
Michał Stankiewicz: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego Str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 8, 1-16

Abstract: Compressed natural gas (CNG) in dual-fuel diesel engines offers environmental benefits but significantly increases unburned methane (CH 4 ) emissions, especially at low engine loads. This study investigates the effectiveness of different catalytic converters in methane oxidation under transient test conditions (WHTC). Three types of catalysts (Pt-, Rh-, and Pd-based) were evaluated using a combined approach of empirical engine bench tests and mathematical modelling. The results showed that, under actual exhaust gas temperature conditions, the average methane conversion efficiencies were 3.7% for Pt, 17.7% for Rh, and 31.3% for Pd catalysts. Increasing the exhaust gas temperature by 50% improved the conversion efficiencies to 7.3%, 51.8%, and 69.2%, respectively. Despite this enhancement, none of the catalysts reached the 90% efficiency threshold required to increase the CNG content of the fuel beyond 6% without exceeding emission limits. The results highlight the need for high-activity Pd-based catalysts and optimised thermal management strategies to enable the broader adoption of dual-fuel engines, while complying with Euro VI standards.

Keywords: catalytic converter; CNG; emissions; dual-fuel engines; methane emissions; exhaust gas aftertreatment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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