Fault Equivalence and Calculation Method for Distribution Networks Considering the Influence of Inverters on the Grid Side and the Distribution Network Side

Jiangang Lu, Ruifeng Zhao, Yueming Fang (), Yifan Gao, Kai Gan and Yizhe Chen
Additional contact information
Jiangang Lu: Electric Dispatch and Control Center, Guangdong Power Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510062, China
Ruifeng Zhao: Electric Dispatch and Control Center, Guangdong Power Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510062, China
Yueming Fang: Shandong Kehui Electric Automation Co., Ltd., Zibo 255087, China
Yifan Gao: Zhaoqing Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526060, China
Kai Gan: Zhaoqing Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526060, China
Yizhe Chen: Zhaoqing Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526060, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 8, 1-20

Abstract: Due to the increasing availability of new energy sources, the adaptability of traditional fault analysis and calculation methods has declined when applied to distribution networks. The reason is that the traditional ideal voltage source model cannot accurately reflect the impact of new energy from the main grid side on distribution networks. Moreover, the existing calculation methods fail to consider the influence of new energy on both the grid side and the distribution network side simultaneously, resulting in relatively large calculation errors and inaccurate fault characteristics. To address the above problems, this paper first studies the control strategy and current output characteristics of typical inverter-based resources (IBR) and establishes an integrated source model for the grid side with a high proportion of IBRs during faults. The model employs a parallel connection of an ideal voltage source with series impedance and a voltage-controlled current source. A model parameter identification method is proposed, leveraging a genetic algorithm and utilizing the normal operating electrical quantities at the port. Then, a fault-equivalent model and an iterative method for calculating electrical quantities in distribution networks are proposed, based on the integrated grid-side model. The method takes into account both distributed generators (DGs) and IBRs on the grid side, using the voltage error at the point of common coupling (PCC) as the convergence criterion for the iterative calculation. The simulation results of PSCAD/EMTDC show that the proposed model and calculation method have high accuracy. The model precisely reflects the characteristics of reduced port voltage and limited current during faults on the grid side. The amplitude errors of the electrical quantities are within 1%, and the phase angle errors are within 4°.

Keywords: new energy integration; fault analysis; distribution network fault calculation; inverter-based resources; grid-side equivalent model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/8/2111/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/8/2111/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:8:p:2111-:d:1638170

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().